The cricothyroid membrane lies between the thyroid cartilage above and the cricoid cartilage below (Fig 1). It forms a thick, largely avascular band that is easily palpated in the midline.

In an emergency, if the airway becomes obstructed at or above the larynx, an artificial airway may be inserted via an incision in the cricothyroid membrane, i.e. a cricothyroidotomy.

Note that the vocal cords are in close proximity and may be damaged during cricothyroid puncture. Cricothyroidotomy should only be used as a temporary airway as there is a risk of subglottic stenosis.